Itinerant to Localized Heavy Electron Magnetism in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>Ce</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>Ru</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>Rh</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>Al</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math>: A Direction-Dependent Phase Diagram beyond the Doniach Phase Diagram

Hitoshi Yamaoka; Hiroshi Tanida; Eike F. Schwier; Yoshiya Yamamoto; Shiv Kumar; Masashi Arita; Kenya Shimada; Fumisato Tajima; Renta Onodera; Takashi Nishioka; Hirofumi Ishii; Nozomu Hiraoka; Jun’ichiro Mizuki

doi:10.1103/hdcf-dycj

Itinerant to Localized Heavy Electron Magnetism in $Ce ({Ru}_{1 - x} {Rh}_{x})_{2} {Al}_{10}$ : A Direction-Dependent Phase Diagram beyond the Doniach Phase Diagram

Hitoshi Yamaoka ^1,2,*, Hiroshi Tanida ^3,†, Eike F. Schwier ^4,‡, Yoshiya Yamamoto ^5,§, Shiv Kumar ^4,∥, Masashi Arita ⁴, Kenya Shimada ⁴, Fumisato Tajima^6,¶, Renta Onodera⁶ et al.

Takashi Nishioka ⁶, Hirofumi Ishii ⁷, Nozomu Hiraoka ⁷, and Jun’ichiro Mizuki ^5,**

¹RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
²Institute for R&D Promotion, Doshisha University, Kyoto 602-8580, Japan
³Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
⁴Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
⁵Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
⁶Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
⁷National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan

^*Contact author: hitoshi_yamaoka@mineo.jp
^†Contact author: tany@pu-toyama.ac.jp
^‡Present address: Institute of Physics, Experimental Physics VII, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
^§Present address: Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
^∥Present address: Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #20-10 Connexis, 138632, Singapore.
^¶Present address: Koken Boring Machine, Co. Ltd., 2-17-22 Takada, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8572, Japan.
^**Present address: Center for Research Initiative, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 266503 – Published 24 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hdcf-dycj

Abstract

Electronic and crystal structures of $Ce ({Ru}_{1 - x} {Rh}_{x})_{2} {Al}_{10}$ have been studied using x-ray emission spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), and x-ray diffraction. No structural phase transition was observed up to $x = 0.1$ , while the x-ray absorption spectra showed a Ce valence transition between $x = 0.03$ and 0.05, accompanied by an increase in $c − f$ hybridization strength, suggesting a Lifshitz transition. Angle-resolved PES conducted on the $x = 0.1$ sample revealed stronger hybridization along the $b$ axis compared to the other axes. Direction-dependent hybridization introduces complexity in applying conventional phase diagrams. For the first time, we propose a direction-dependent phase diagram for $Ce ({Ru}_{1 - x} {Rh}_{x})_{2} {Al}_{10}$ , advancing beyond the traditional Doniach phase diagram.

Physical Review Letters

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Itinerant to Localized Heavy Electron Magnetism in $Ce ({Ru}_{1 - x} {Rh}_{x})_{2} {Al}_{10}$ : A Direction-Dependent Phase Diagram beyond the Doniach Phase Diagram

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Itinerant to Localized Heavy Electron Magnetism in Ce(Ru1−xRhx)2Al10: A Direction-Dependent Phase Diagram beyond the Doniach Phase Diagram

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Itinerant to Localized Heavy Electron Magnetism in $Ce ({Ru}_{1 - x} {Rh}_{x})_{2} {Al}_{10}$ : A Direction-Dependent Phase Diagram beyond the Doniach Phase Diagram