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    Microwave Negative Refractive Index Enabled by Anti-Parity-Time Symmetry in a Coupled Photon-Magnon Hybrid System

    Junyoung Kim, Bojong Kim, and Sang-Koog Kim*

    • National Creative Research Initiative Center for Spin Dynamics and Spin-Wave Devices, Nanospinics Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea

    • *Contact author: sangkoog@snu.ac.kr

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 116905 – Published 11 September, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gz3k-7hpp

    Abstract

    We experimentally demonstrate that anti-parity-time (anti-PT) symmetry can induce a negative refractive index (NRI) in a coupled photon-magnon hybrid system. Using an analytical circuit model, we show that the non-Hermitian dynamics originating from anti-PT symmetry give rise to antiphase propagation, reversing the phase velocity and resulting in an NRI. Furthermore, we identify cooperativity as the critical threshold parameter dictating the presence of an NRI in the anti-PT-symmetric regime. These findings provide an alternative framework for manipulating wave propagation and refractive properties in non-Hermitian hybrid quantum systems, opening avenues for advanced control of wave phenomena using magnetic materials.

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