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    Single-Ion Information Engine for Charging Quantum Battery

    Jialiang Zhang1,2,*, Pengfei Wang3,*, Wentao Chen1, Zhengyang Cai1, Mu Qiao1, Riling Li4, Yingye Huang1, Haonan Tian1, Chuyang Luan1 et al.

    Hengchao Tu1, Kaifeng Cui5, Leilei Yan5, Junhua Zhang6,7, Jingning Zhang3, Manhong Yung6,7, and Kihwan Kim1,3,8,9

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 140403 – Published 30 September, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/g45c-ssfx

    Abstract

    Information engines produce mechanical work through measurement and adaptive control. For information engines, the principal challenge lies in how to store the generated work to the external load. Here, we report an experimental demonstration where quantized mechanical motion serves as a quantum battery and gets charged in repeated cycles by a single trapped-ion information engine. This is enabled by a key technological advancement in rapid state discrimination, allowing us to suppress measurement-induced disturbances. Consequently, we were able to obtain an information-to-ergotropy conversion efficiency approaching 67% of the theoretical limit at the optimal temperature, along with a maximum information-to-work conversion efficiency of 70%. The experimental results substantiate that this approach can render trapped ions a promising platform for microscopic information engines with potential applications in the future upon scaling up.

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