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Standard Model Baryon Number Violation at Zero Temperature from Higgs Bubble Collisions

Nabeen Bhusal1, Simone Blasi1,*, Martina Cataldi1,2, Aleksandr Chatrchyan3,4, Marco Gorghetto1, and Géraldine Servant1,2

  • *Contact author: simone.blasi@desy.de
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 241803 – Published 18 June, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/fv7q-vsbn

Abstract

We compute for the first time baryon number violation at zero temperature from Higgs bubble collisions and find that it can be of the same order as that from thermal sphalerons in the symmetric phase at electroweak temperatures. We study the dependence of the rate of Chern-Simons number transitions on the shape of the scalar potential and on the Lorentz factor of the bubble walls at collision via large-scale (3+1)D lattice simulations of the Higgs doublet and SU(2) gauge fields. We estimate the resulting baryon asymmetry assuming some CP-violating source activated by the Higgs-field variation during the phase transition.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 241803– Published 18 June, 2026
  • Received 11 September 2025
  • Revised 15 December 2025
  • Accepted 17 April 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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