Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Editors' Suggestion

Merger of Spinning, Accreting Supermassive Black Hole Binaries

Lorenzo Ennoggi and Manuela Campanelli

Julian Krolik

Scott C. Noble

Yosef Zlochower

Maria Chiara de Simone

  • Center for Computational Relativity and Gravitation, Rochester Institute of Technology and School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14623, USA

  • Center for Computational Relativity and Gravitation and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, USA

  • Center for Computational Relativity and Gravitation, Rochester Institute of Technology and School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14623, USA

Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 111401 – Published 17 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/f74l-3c4y

Abstract

Because they are likely to accrete substantial amounts of interstellar gas, merging supermassive binary black holes are expected to be strong multimessenger sources, radiating gravitational waves, photons from thermal gas, and photons from relativistic electrons energized by relativistic jets. Here we report on a numerical simulation that covers the late inspiral, merger, and initial postmerger phase of such a system where both black holes have the same mass and spin, and both spin axes are parallel to the orbital angular momentum. The simulation incorporates both 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and numerical relativity. The thermal photon power during the late inspiral, merger, and immediate postmerger phases is drawn from strong shocks rather than dissipation of turbulence inside a smoothly structured accretion disk as typically found around accreting single black holes. We find that the thermal photon and jet Poynting flux outputs are closely related in time, and we posit a mechanism that enforces this relation. The power radiated in both photons and jets diminishes gradually as merger is approached, but jumps sharply at merger to a noisy plateau. Such a distinct lightcurve should aid efforts to identify supermassive black hole mergers, with or without accompanying gravitational wave detections.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Authorization Required

We need you to provide your credentials before accessing this content.

Supplemental Material (Subscription Required)

References (Subscription Required)

Outline

Information

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation