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Coulomb Sensing of Single Ballistic Electrons

J. D. Fletcher1,*, W. Park2,3,*, P. See1, J. P. Griffiths4, G. A. C. Jones4, I. Farrer4,†, D. A. Ritchie4, H.-S. Sim2,‡, and M. Kataoka1,§

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Present address: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
  • ‡Contact author: hs_sim@kaist.ac.kr
  • §Contact author: masaya.kataoka@npl.co.uk

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 067002 – Published 7 August, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/f1gd-3p5m

Abstract

While ballistic electrons are a key tool for applications in sensing and flying qubits, sub-nanosecond propagation times and complicated interactions make control of ballistic single electrons challenging. Recent experiments have revealed Coulomb collisions of counterpropagating electrons in a beam splitter, giving time resolved control of interactions between single electrons. Here we use remote Coulomb interactions to demonstrate a scheme for sensing single ballistic electrons. We show that interactions are highly controllable via electron energy and emission timing. We use a weakly coupled “sensing” regime to characterize the nanoscale potential landscape of the beam splitter and the strength of the Coulomb interaction. We also show multielectron sensing with picosecond resolution.

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synopsis

Electron Sensing on Picosecond Timescales

Published 7 August, 2025

An electron on a ballistic trajectory can be detected with trillionth-of-a-second timing resolution through its long-range interaction with another electron.

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