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    Explicit Wave Function of the Interacting Non-Hermitian Spin-1/2 1D System

    Yue Wang1,2, Xiangyu Zhang2, Zhesen Yang3,*, and Congjun Wu2,4,5,6,†

    • 1Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
    • 2New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
    • 3Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China
    • 4Institute for Theoretical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
    • 5Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
    • 6Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China

    • *Contact author: yangzs@xmu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: wucongjun@westlake.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 036501 – Published 20 January, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/bhpz-17d2

    Abstract

    We present an explicit Bethe-ansatz wave function to a 1D spin-1/2 interacting fermion system, manifesting a many-body resonance resulting from the interplay between interaction and non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupling. In the dilute limit, the Bethe-ansatz wave function is factorized into Slater determinants and a Jastrow factor. An effective thermodynamic distribution is constructed with an effective Hamiltonian including a repulsion resulting from Pauli’s exclusion principle and a distinctive zigzag potential arising from the resonance. The competition between these effects leads to a transition from a uniformly distributed configuration to a phase separation. Clustering of particles with identical spins is observed in the latter phase, demonstrating that the many-body resonance effect is enhanced by the repulsive interaction.

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