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    Observation of Linear Scaling of Superconductivity with Crystal Orientation at a−LaAlO3/KTaO3 Interfaces

    Xueshan Cao1,*, Meng Zhang1,*,†, Yishuai Wang1,*, Ming Qin1, Yi Zhou2,‡, and Yanwu Xie1,3,§

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: physmzhang@zju.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: yizhou@iphy.ac.cn
    • §Contact author: ywxie@zju.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 256002 – Published 24 June, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/bbn3-bzs3

    Abstract

    The superconducting transition temperature Tc at KTaO3-based oxide interfaces exhibits a dramatic dependence on crystallographic orientation, yet a unifying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report a linear scaling between Tc and a single geometric parameter—the angle θ between the (hkl) plane and the (100) plane—across ten different orientations of amorphous-LaAlO3/KTaO3 interfaces. Except for (100), all orientations exhibit two-dimensional superconductivity, with transition temperatures Tc ranging from ∼0.12 to 2.1 K. This linear θ−Tc scaling is robust against variations in growth temperature, device geometry, and transport configuration. By establishing the geometric orientation angle as a robust empirical scaling parameter for the superconducting transition, our results set a critical phenomenological benchmark for future microscopic theories of superconductivity in KTaO3-based systems.

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