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    Time Delays as Attosecond Probe of Interelectronic Coherence and Entanglement

    Wei-Chao Jiang1,*, Ming-Chen Zhong1, Yong-Kang Fang2, Stefan Donsa3, Iva Březinová3, Liang-You Peng2,4,†, and Joachim Burgdörfer3

    • 1Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    • 2State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    • 3Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
    • 4Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China

    • *Contact author: jiang.wei.chao@szu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: liangyou.peng@pku.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 163201 – Published 15 October, 2024

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.163201

    Abstract

    Attosecond chronoscopy enables the exploration of correlated electron dynamics in real time. One key observable of attosecond physics is the determination of “time zero” of photoionization, the time delay with which the wave packet of the ionized electron departs from the ionic core. This observable has become accessible by experimental advances in attosecond streaking and reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBIT) techniques. In this Letter, we explore photoionization time delays by strong extreme ultraviolet fields beyond the linear-response limit. We identify novel signatures in time delays signifying strong coupling between atoms and light fields and the light-field dressing of the ion. As a prototypical case, we study the interelectronic coherence and entanglement in helium driven by a strong extreme ultraviolet field. By the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in its full dimensionality, we show that the time delay of the photoionized electron allows one to monitor the ultrafast variations of coherence dynamics and entanglement in real time.

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