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Net-Charge Fluctuations in Pb-Pb Collisions at sNN=2.76TeV

B. Abelev1, J. Adam2, D. Adamová3, A. M. Adare4, M. M. Aggarwal5, G. Aglieri Rinella6, A. G. Agocs7, A. Agostinelli8, S. Aguilar Salazar9 et al. (ALICE Collaboration)

S. Aguilar Salazar9, Z. Ahammed10, A. Ahmad Masoodi11, N. Ahmad11, S. A. Ahn12, S. U. Ahn13,14, A. Akindinov15, D. Aleksandrov16, B. Alessandro17, R. Alfaro Molina9, A. Alici18,19, A. Alkin20, E. Almaráz Aviña9, J. Alme21, T. Alt22, V. Altini23, S. Altinpinar24, I. Altsybeev25, C. Andrei26, A. Andronic27, V. Anguelov28, J. Anielski29, C. Anson30, T. Antičić31, F. Antinori32, P. Antonioli18, L. Aphecetche33, H. Appelshäuser34, N. Arbor35, S. Arcelli8, A. Arend34, N. Armesto36, R. Arnaldi17, T. Aronsson4, I. C. Arsene27, M. Arslandok34, A. Asryan25, A. Augustinus6, R. Averbeck27, T. C. Awes37, J. Äystö38, M. D. Azmi11, M. Bach22, A. Badalà39, Y. W. Baek13,14, R. Bailhache34, R. Bala17, R. Baldini Ferroli19, A. Baldisseri40, A. Baldit13, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa6, J. Bán41, R. C. Baral42, R. Barbera43, F. Barile23, G. G. Barnaföldi7, L. S. Barnby44, V. Barret13, J. Bartke45, M. Basile8, N. Bastid13, S. Basu10, B. Bathen29, G. Batigne33, B. Batyunya46, C. Baumann34, I. G. 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Carena6, N. Carlin Filho77, F. Carminati6, C. A. Carrillo Montoya6, A. Casanova Díaz55, J. Castillo Castellanos40, J. F. Castillo Hernandez27, E. A. R. Casula78, V. Catanescu26, C. Cavicchioli6, C. Ceballos Sanchez79, J. Cepila2, P. Cerello17, B. Chang38,80, S. Chapeland6, J. L. Charvet40, S. Chattopadhyay10, S. Chattopadhyay65, I. Chawla5, M. Cherney81, C. Cheshkov6,82, B. Cheynis82, V. Chibante Barroso6, D. D. Chinellato83, P. Chochula6, M. Chojnacki58, S. Choudhury10, P. Christakoglou57,58, C. H. Christensen47, P. Christiansen84, T. Chujo54, S. U. Chung85, C. Cicalo86, L. Cifarelli8,6,19, F. Cindolo18, J. Cleymans71, F. Coccetti19, F. Colamaria23, D. Colella23, G. Conesa Balbastre35, Z. Conesa del Valle6, P. Constantin28, G. Contin74, J. G. Contreras75, T. M. Cormier64, Y. Corrales Morales51, P. Cortese87, I. Cortés Maldonado76, M. R. Cosentino67, F. Costa6, M. E. Cotallo59, E. Crescio75, P. Crochet13, E. Cruz Alaniz9, E. Cuautle88, L. Cunqueiro55, A. Dainese56,32, H. H. Dalsgaard47, A. Danu89, D. Das65, I. Das66, K. Das65, S. Dash48, A. Dash83, S. De10, G. O. V. de Barros77, A. De Caro90,19, G. de Cataldo91, J. de Cuveland22, A. De Falco78, D. De Gruttola90, H. Delagrange33, A. Deloff92, V. Demanov70, N. De Marco17, E. Dénes7, S. De Pasquale90, A. Deppman77, G. D. Erasmo23, R. de Rooij58, M. A. Diaz Corchero59, D. Di Bari23, T. Dietel29, S. Di Liberto93, A. Di Mauro6, P. Di Nezza55, R. Divià6, Ø. Djuvsland24, A. Dobrin64,84, T. Dobrowolski92, I. Domínguez88, B. Dönigus27, O. Dordic94, O. Driga33, A. K. Dubey10, L. Ducroux82, P. Dupieux13, M. R. Dutta Majumdar10, A. K. Dutta Majumdar65, D. Elia91, D. Emschermann29, H. Engel60, H. A. Erdal21, B. Espagnon66, M. Estienne33, S. Esumi54, D. Evans44, G. Eyyubova94, D. Fabris56,32, J. Faivre35, D. Falchieri8, A. Fantoni55, M. Fasel27, R. Fearick71, A. Fedunov46, D. Fehlker24, L. Feldkamp29, D. Felea89, B. Fenton-Olsen67, G. Feofilov25, A. Fernández Téllez76, A. Ferretti51, R. Ferretti87, J. Figiel45, M. A. 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Kalcher22, P. Kaliňák41, T. Kalliokoski38, A. Kalweit106, K. Kanaki24, J. H. Kang80, V. Kaplin61, A. Karasu Uysal6,107, O. Karavichev95, T. Karavicheva95, E. Karpechev95, A. Kazantsev16, U. Kebschull60, R. Keidel108, P. Khan65, M. M. Khan11, S. A. Khan10, A. Khanzadeev52, Y. Kharlov62, B. Kileng21, D. W. Kim14, M. Kim14, M. Kim80, S. H. Kim14, D. J. Kim38, S. Kim104, J. H. Kim104, J. S. Kim14, B. Kim80, T. Kim80, S. Kirsch22, I. Kisel22, S. Kiselev15, A. Kisiel6,98, J. L. Klay109, J. Klein28, C. Klein-Bösing29, M. Kliemant34, A. Kluge6, M. L. Knichel27, A. G. Knospe110, K. Koch28, M. K. Köhler27, A. Kolojvari25, V. Kondratiev25, N. Kondratyeva61, A. Konevskikh95, A. Korneev70, R. Kour44, M. Kowalski45, S. Kox35, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu48, J. Kral38, I. Králik41, F. Kramer34, I. Kraus27, T. Krawutschke28,111, M. Krelina2, M. Kretz22, M. Krivda44,41, F. Krizek38, M. Krus2, E. Kryshen52, M. Krzewicki27, Y. Kucheriaev16, C. Kuhn49, P. G. Kuijer57, I. Kulakov34, J. Kumar48, P. 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  • 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
  • 2Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 3Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic
  • 4Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
  • 5Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
  • 6European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
  • 7KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
  • 8Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
  • 9Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 10Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India
  • 11Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
  • 12Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea
  • 13Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS–IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  • 14Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
  • 15Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
  • 16Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
  • 17Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
  • 18Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
  • 19Centro Fermi-Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico della Fisica “Enrico Fermi,” Rome, Italy
  • 20Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine
  • 21Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
  • 22Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
  • 23Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin” and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
  • 24Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • 25V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
  • 26National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
  • 27Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
  • 28Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  • 29Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
  • 30Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
  • 31Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
  • 32Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
  • 33SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
  • 34Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
  • 35Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
  • 36Departamento de Física de Partículas and IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  • 37Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • 38Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP) and University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
  • 39Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
  • 40Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France
  • 41Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
  • 42Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
  • 43Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
  • 44School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
  • 45The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
  • 46Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia
  • 47Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 48Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
  • 49Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
  • 50University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
  • 51Dipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
  • 52Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
  • 53Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
  • 54University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
  • 55Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy
  • 56Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
  • 57Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 58Nikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics and Institute for Subatomic Physics of Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  • 59Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
  • 60Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
  • 61Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
  • 62Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
  • 63Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
  • 64Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
  • 65Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
  • 66Institut de Physique Nucléaire d’Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
  • 67Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
  • 68Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
  • 69Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
  • 70Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russia
  • 71Physics Department, University of Cape Town, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
  • 72Hua-Zhong Normal University, Wuhan, China
  • 73Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
  • 74Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
  • 75Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico
  • 76Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
  • 77Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
  • 78Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
  • 79Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
  • 80Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  • 81Physics Department, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
  • 82Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
  • 83Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
  • 84Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
  • 85Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea
  • 86Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
  • 87Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica dell’Università del Piemonte Orientale and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy
  • 88Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 89Institute of Space Sciences (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
  • 90Dipartimento di Fisica “E.R. Caianiello” dell’Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
  • 91Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
  • 92Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland
  • 93Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy
  • 94Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • 95Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
  • 96Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
  • 97Chicago State University, Chicago, USA
  • 98Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  • 99Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
  • 100Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
  • 101Technical University of Split FESB, Split, Croatia
  • 102Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
  • 103University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • 104Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
  • 105Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  • 106Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
  • 107Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 108Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Fachhochschule Worms, Worms, Germany
  • 109California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
  • 110The University of Texas at Austin, Physics Department, Austin, Texas, USA
  • 111Fachhochschule Köln, Köln, Germany
  • 112Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 113University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
  • 114Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università “La Sapienza” and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy
  • 115Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • 116Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
  • 117Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN, Legnaro, Italy
  • 118Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IIT), Indore, India
  • 119Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
  • 120Physics Department, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • 121Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  • 122Centre de Calcul de l’IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France

  • *Full author list given at the end of the article.
  • Present address: M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, D. V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow, Russia.
  • Present address: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and “Vinc̆a” Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 152301 – Published 10 April, 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.152301

Abstract

We report the first measurement of the net-charge fluctuations in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV, measured with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The dynamical fluctuations per unit entropy are observed to decrease when going from peripheral to central collisions. An additional reduction in the amount of fluctuations is seen in comparison to the results from lower energies. We examine the dependence of fluctuations on the pseudorapidity interval, which may account for the dilution of fluctuations during the evolution of the system. We find that the fluctuations at the LHC are smaller compared to the measurements at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and as such, closer to what has been theoretically predicted for the formation of a quark-gluon plasma.

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