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    Autferroics-Based True Random Number Generators with Enhanced Performance

    Jun-Jie Zhang1,2, Shuai Dong1,*, and Boris I. Yakobson2,†

    • 1Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
    • 2Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA

    • *Contact author: sdong@seu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: biy@rice.edu

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 116801 – Published 9 September, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/8vd7-ffng

    Abstract

    Physical entropy-driven true random number generators are essential for emerging probabilistic computing paradigms, but conventional implementations based on magnetic tunneling junctions have reached their performance plateaus limited by inherent tradeoffs and weak tunability. Here, autferroics, a sister branch of multiferroics, is proposed to construct true random number generators. Benefiting from its unique energy landscape due to strong seesaw-type magnetoelectricity, the performance of true random number generation can be significantly enhanced in autferroic tunneling junctions, verified by passing standard statistical tests. Furthermore, autferroics-based random number generators can exhibit multifield tunability and intrinsic multistate randomness, opening an avenue for efficient hardware realization of the complex-number arithmetic and simulation of probability distributions of quantum mixed states within stochastic circuits.

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