Wideband Covariance Magnetometry below the Diffraction Limit
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 170803 – Published 24 October, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7xlj-52xt
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a method for measuring correlations of wideband magnetic signals with spatial resolution below the optical diffraction limit. Our technique employs two nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond as nanoscale magnetometers, spectrally resolved by inhomogeneous optical transitions. Using high-fidelity optical readout and long spin coherence time, we probe correlated megahertz-range noise with sensitivity of . In addition, we use this system for correlated relaxometry, enabling correlation measurements of gigahertz-range noise. Under such externally applied noise, while individual NV centers exhibit featureless relaxation, their correlation displays rich coherent and incoherent dynamics reminiscent of superradiance physics. This capability to probe high-frequency correlations provides a powerful tool for investigating a variety of condensed-matter phenomena characterized by nonlocal correlations.