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    Guiding Fast Ion Beam by Suppressing Secondary Ions

    Yingli Xue1,2, Junliang Liu1,2, Mingwu Zhang1,2, Daniel Fischer3, Guoxing Xia4, Nikolaus Stolterfoht5, Reinhold Schuch6, Yehong Wu7, Bian Yang1,2 et al.

    Xiaoxiao Li1,2, Caojie Shao1,2, Wei Wang1,2, Zhangyong Song1,2, Xing Fang1,2, Cheng Qian1,2, Liangting Sun1,2, Hongwei Zhao1,2, Guoqing Xiao1,2, Xiaohong Cai1,2, and Deyang Yu1,2,*

    • *Contact author: d.yu@impcas.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 103001 – Published 9 March, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7vwr-szkt

    Abstract

    We demonstrate that secondary ions sputtered from a macrocapillary’s inner surface by the primary beam induce premature saturation of the guiding field, hindering fast ion guiding. By suppressing secondary ion sputtering with grooved surfaces, we achieve a guiding-field potential difference exceeding 1 kV, 2 orders of magnitude larger than previously achieved in stable ion guiding. This enables stable guiding of a 20−keV/q O5+ beam at offset angles up to 15°, with transmitted ions retaining their initial energy and charge state. A self-consistent field model accurately reproduces these results, revealing that guiding performance relies on managing secondary ions and the channel’s voltage tolerance, while remaining robust against beam fluctuations. This Letter paves the way for ionic fibers that, much like optical fibers for light, passively and adaptively control ion transport.

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