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Quasiresonant Regime of Surface Plasmon for Broad Angular Responsivity of Plasmonic Diffraction

Koya Okazaki1, Nobukazu Teranishi2, and Atsushi Ono1,2,*

  • 1Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
  • 2Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan

  • *Contact author: ono.atsushi@shizuoka.ac.jp
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 036902 – Published 23 January, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/75zq-5lqg

Abstract

We propose plasmonic diffraction under quasiresonant regime of surface plasmon (quasi-SPR) that exhibits broad incident-angle responsivity. Numerical simulations reveal that quasi-SPR induces efficient and large-angle diffraction toward the transmission side over a wide range of oblique incidences by tuning the metal grating period to satisfy the Rayleigh anomaly and by optimizing the grating width and height to maximize diffraction efficiency at normal incidence. In a backside-illuminated silicon image sensor integrated with metal gratings, near-infrared absorption in silicon exceeded 40% for incident angles up to ±18° within a limited thickness of 3.3  μm. The angular absorption profile reflects the inherently broad response of quasi-SPR and provides a versatile approach to enhance light-matter interaction in compact optoelectronic devices.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 036902– Published 23 January, 2026
  • Received 21 August 2025
  • Revised 27 October 2025
  • Accepted 10 December 2025
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