- Open Access
Superbunching from Coherently Driven Atoms in a Waveguide
Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 250803 – Published 26 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6fcg-2zns
Abstract
We investigate the scattered field from identical two-level atoms resonantly driven by a weak coherent field in a one-dimensional waveguide. For atoms separated by the drive wavelength, increasing the number of atoms suppresses transmission while enhancing photon bunching. Transmission becomes a superbunched ()-photon scattering process that is predominantly incoherent. Remarkably, we find that transmission occurs through a process where all atoms are excited, enabling novel heralded multiphoton state generation with applications in long-distance entanglement and quantum metrology.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
Supplemental Material
References (74)
- N. V. Corzo, J. Raskop, A. Chandra, A. S. Sheremet, B. Gouraud, and J. Laurat, Nature (London) 566, 359 (2019).
- A. S. Sheremet, M. I. Petrov, I. V. Iorsh, A. V. Poshakinskiy, and A. N. Poddubny, Rev. Mod. Phys. 95, 015002 (2023).
- A. S. Prasad, J. Hinney, S. Mahmoodian, K. Hammerer, S. Rind, P. Schneeweiss, A. S. Sørensen, J. Volz, and A. Rauschenbeutel, Nat. Photonics 14, 719 (2020).
- R. H. Dicke, Phys. Rev. 93, 99 (1954).
- M. Gross and S. Haroche, Phys. Rep. 93, 301 (1982).
- A. Goban, C.-L. Hung, J. D. Hood, S.-P. Yu, J. A. Muniz, O. Painter, and H. J. Kimble, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 063601 (2015).
- V. Paulisch, M. Perarnau-Llobet, A. González-Tudela, and J. I. Cirac, Phys. Rev. A 99, 043807 (2019).
- M. Perarnau-Llobet, A. González-Tudela, and J. I. Cirac, Quantum Sci. Technol. 5, 025003 (2020).
- M. Khanahmadi and K. Mølmer, Phys. Rev. A 107, 013705 (2023).
- B. Blauensteiner, I. Herbauts, S. Bettelli, A. Poppe, and H. Hübel, Phys. Rev. A 79, 063846 (2009).
- M. Maffei, D. Pomarico, P. Facchi, G. Magnifico, S. Pascazio, and F. V. Pepe, Phys. Rev. Res. 6, L032017 (2024).
- A. N. Boto, P. Kok, D. S. Abrams, S. L. Braunstein, C. P. Williams, and J. P. Dowling, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2733 (2000).
- G. Björk, L. L. Sánchez-Soto, and J. Söderholm, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4516 (2001).
- D. E. Chang, A. S. Sørensen, E. A. Demler, and M. D. Lukin, Nat. Phys. 3, 807 (2007).
- E. Vetsch, D. Reitz, G. Sagué, R. Schmidt, S. T. Dawkins, and A. Rauschenbeutel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 203603 (2010).
- A. Goban, K. S. Choi, D. J. Alton, D. Ding, C. Lacroûte, M. Pototschnig, T. Thiele, N. P. Stern, and H. J. Kimble, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 033603 (2012).
- A. Goban, C.-L. Hung, S.-P. Yu, J. Hood, J. Muniz, J. Lee, M. Martin, A. McClung, K. Choi, D. Chang, O. Painter, and H. Kimble, Nat. Commun. 5, 3808 (2014).
- J. D. Hood, A. Goban, A. Asenjo-Garcia, M. Lu, S.-P. Yu, D. E. Chang, and H. J. Kimble, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, 10507 (2016).
- N. V. Corzo, B. Gouraud, A. Chandra, A. Goban, A. S. Sheremet, D. V. Kupriyanov, and J. Laurat, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 133603 (2016).
- H. L. Sørensen, J.-B. Béguin, K. W. Kluge, I. Iakoupov, A. S. Sørensen, J. H. Müller, E. S. Polzik, and J. Appel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 133604 (2016).
- P. Solano, P. Barberis-Blostein, F. K. Fatemi, L. A. Orozco, and S. L. Rolston, Nat. Commun. 8, 1857 (2017).
- R. Pennetta, M. Blaha, A. Johnson, D. Lechner, P. Schneeweiss, J. Volz, and A. Rauschenbeutel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 073601 (2022).
- P. Lodahl, A. Floris van Driel, I. S. Nikolaev, A. Irman, K. Overgaag, D. Vanmaekelbergh, and W. L. Vos, Nature (London) 430, 654 (2004).
- O. Astafiev, A. M. Zagoskin, A. A. Abdumalikov, Y. A. Pashkin, T. Yamamoto, K. Inomata, Y. Nakamura, and J. S. Tsai, Science 327, 840 (2010).
- A. A. Abdumalikov, O. Astafiev, A. M. Zagoskin, Y. A. Pashkin, Y. Nakamura, and J. S. Tsai, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 193601 (2010).
- I.-C. Hoi, C. M. Wilson, G. Johansson, T. Palomaki, B. Peropadre, and P. Delsing, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 073601 (2011).
- I.-C. Hoi, T. Palomaki, J. Lindkvist, G. Johansson, P. Delsing, and C. M. Wilson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 263601 (2012).
- K. Lalumière, B. C. Sanders, A. F. van Loo, A. Fedorov, A. Wallraff, and A. Blais, Phys. Rev. A 88, 043806 (2013).
- I.-C. Hoi, C. M. Wilson, G. Johansson, J. Lindkvist, B. Peropadre, T. Palomaki, and P. Delsing, New J. Phys. 15, 025011 (2013).
- A. F. van Loo, A. Fedorov, K. Lalumière, B. C. Sanders, A. Blais, and A. Wallraff, Science 342, 1494 (2013).
- B. Peropadre, J. Lindkvist, I.-C. Hoi, C. M. Wilson, J. J. Garcia-Ripoll, P. Delsing, and G. Johansson, New J. Phys. 15, 035009 (2013).
- J.-L. Orgiazzi, C. Deng, D. Layden, R. Marchildon, F. Kitapli, F. Shen, M. Bal, F. R. Ong, and A. Lupascu, Phys. Rev. B 93, 104518 (2016).
- F. Yan, S. Gustavsson, A. Kamal, J. Birenbaum, A. P. Sears, D. Hover, T. J. Gudmundsen, D. Rosenberg, G. Samach, S. Weber, J. L. Yoder, T. P. Orlando, J. Clarke, A. J. Kerman, and W. D. Oliver, Nat. Commun. 7, 12964 (2016).
- M. Mirhosseini, E. Kim, X. Zhang, A. Sipahigil, P. B. Dieterle, A. J. Keller, A. Asenjo-Garcia, D. E. Chang, and O. Painter, Nature (London) 569, 692 (2019).
- J. D. Brehm, R. Gebauer, A. Stehli, A. N. Poddubny, O. Sander, H. Rotzinger, and A. V. Ustinov, Appl. Phys. Lett. 121, 204001 (2022).
- M. Zanner, T. Orell, C. M. F. Schneider, R. Albert, S. Oleschko, M. L. Juan, M. Silveri, and G. Kirchmair, Nat. Phys. 18, 538 (2022).
- E. S. Redchenko, M. Zens, M. Žemlička, M. Peruzzo, F. Hassani, R. Sett, P. Zieliński, H. S. Dhar, D. O. Krimer, S. Rotter, and J. M. Fink, Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 063601 (2025).
- J.-H. Kim, S. Aghaeimeibodi, C. J. K. Richardson, R. P. Leavitt, and E. Waks, Nano Lett. 18, 4734 (2018).
- X. Luan, J. Béguin, A. P. Burgers, Z. Qin, S. Yu, and H. J. Kimble, Adv. Quantum Technol. 3, 2000008 (2020).
- J. D. Brehm, A. N. Poddubny, A. Stehli, T. Wolz, H. Rotzinger, and A. V. Ustinov, npj Quantum Mater. 6, 10 (2021).
- C. Papon, Y. Wang, R. Uppu, S. Scholz, A. D. Wieck, A. Ludwig, P. Lodahl, and L. Midolo, Phys. Rev. Appl. 19, L061003 (2023).
- X.-L. Chu, C. Papon, N. Bart, A. D. Wieck, A. Ludwig, L. Midolo, N. Rotenberg, and P. Lodahl, Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 033606 (2023).
- A. Tiranov, V. Angelopoulou, C. J. van Diepen, B. Schrinski, O. A. D. Sandberg, Y. Wang, L. Midolo, S. Scholz, A. D. Wieck, A. Ludwig, A. S. Sørensen, and P. Lodahl, Science 379, 389 (2023).
- X. Zhou, H. Tamura, T.-H. Chang, and C.-L. Hung, Phys. Rev. X 14, 031004 (2024).
- A. Bouscal, M. Kemiche, S. Mahapatra, N. Fayard, J. Berroir, T. Ray, J.-J. Greffet, F. Raineri, A. Levenson, K. Bencheikh, C. Sauvan, A. Urvoy, and J. Laurat, New J. Phys. 26, 023026 (2024).
- H. S. Han, A. Lee, S. Subhankar, F. K. Fatemi, and S. L. Rolston, arXiv:2509.22958.
- Z. Niu, W. Nie, D. Bao, X. He, W. Gao, K. Liu, I. C. Hoi, Y.-x. Liu, X. Xie, Z. Wang, and Z.-R. Lin, arXiv:2507.00935.
- D. Hallett, J. Wiercinski, L. Hallacy, S. Sheldon, R. Dost, N. Martin, A. Fenzl, I. Farrer, A. Verma, M. Cygorek, E. M. Gauger, M. S. Skolnick, and L. R. Wilson, Phys. Rev. Appl. 25, L021003 (2026).
- Z. Ficek and S. Swain, Quantum Interference and Coherence (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2005).
- J. T. Shen and S. Fan, Opt. Lett. 30, 2001 (2005).
- J.-T. Shen and S. Fan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 213001 (2005).
- H. Zheng, D. J. Gauthier, and H. U. Baranger, Phys. Rev. A 82, 063816 (2010).
- Xin H. H. Zhang and H. U. Baranger, Phys. Rev. A 97, 023813 (2018).
- See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/6fcg-2zns for lengthier derivations, which includes Refs. [55,56].
- J. Riordan, Combinatorial Identities, Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics (John Wiley & Sons, Nashville, TN, 1968), 99th ed.
- M. Mitzenmacher and E. Upfal, Probability and Computing: Randomized Algorithms and Probabilistic Analysis (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2005).
- R. R. Puri and S. V. Lawande, Phys. Lett. 72A, 200 (1979).
- R. Puri and S. Lawande, Physica (Amsterdam) 101A, 599 (1980).
- P. D. Drummond, Phys. Rev. A 22, 1179 (1980).
- S. V. Lawande, R. R. Puri, and S. S. Hassan, J. Phys. B 14, 4171 (1981).
- S. Hassan, R. Bullough, R. Puri, and S. Lawande, Physica (Amsterdam) 103A, 213 (1980).
- S. S. Hassan, G. P. Hildred, R. R. Puri, and R. K. Bullough, J. Phys. B. 15, 2635 (1982).
- R. J. Glauber, Phys. Rev. 130, 2529 (1963).
- K. Mølmer, Y. Castin, and J. Dalibard, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 524 (1993).
- H.-P. Breuer and F. Petruccione, The Theory of Open Quantum Systems (Oxford University Press, New York, 2007).
- H. M. Wiseman and G. J. Milburn, Quantum Measurement and Control (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2009).
- S. Amari and R. Misra, IEEE Trans. Reliab. 46, 519 (1997).
- G. Bolch, S. Greiner, H. de Meer, and K. S. Trivedi, Queueing Networks and Markov Chains: Modeling and Performance Evaluation with Computer Science Applications (Wiley, New York, 2006).
- B. Legros and O. Jouini, Appl. Math. Model. 39, 4971 (2015).
- N. Lambert, E. Giguère, P. Menczel, B. Li, P. Hopf, G. Suárez, M. Gali, J. Lishman, R. Gadhvi, R. Agarwal, A. Galicia, N. Shammah, P. Nation, J. R. Johansson, S. Ahmed, S. Cross, A. Pitchford, and F. Nori, Phys. Rep. 1153, 1 (2026).
- S. R. Miry, M. K. Tavassoly, and R. Roknizadeh, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 31, 270 (2014).
- A. H. Kiilerich and K. Mølmer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 123604 (2019).
- M. Khanahmadi, M. M. Lund, K. Mølmer, and G. Johansson, Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 043071 (2023).
- S. R. Sathyamoorthy, A. Bengtsson, S. Bens, M. Simoen, P. Delsing, and G. Johansson, Phys. Rev. A 93, 063823 (2016).