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    Quantum Thermal Analogs of Electric Circuits: A Universal Approach

    Devvrat Tiwari1,*, Samyadeb Bhattacharya2,†, and Subhashish Banerjee1,‡

    • *Contact author: devvrat.1@iitj.ac.in
    • †Contact author: samyadeb.b@iiit.ac.in
    • ‡Contact author: subhashish@iitj.ac.in

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 020404 – Published 8 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5x8m-bhgd

    Abstract

    In this Letter, we develop a panoramic schematic of quantum thermal analogs of electric circuits in the steady state regime. We establish the foundations of said premise by defining the analogs of Kirchhoff’s laws for heat currents and temperature gradients, as well as a quantum thermal step transformer. Using this, we develop two novel quantum thermal circuits, viz., quantum thermal super Wheatstone bridge and quantum thermal adder circuit, paving the way for the corresponding integrated circuits. We further show that our approach encompasses various circuits like thermal diode, transistor, and Wheatstone bridge. This sheds new light on the present architecture of quantum device engineering.

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