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    Density Matrix Renormalization Group Algorithm for non-Hermitian Systems

    Peigeng Zhong1,2, Wei Pan1, Haiqing Lin3,*, Xiaoqun Wang3,†, and Shijie Hu1,4,‡

    • *Contact author: haiqing0@csrc.ac.cn
    • †Contact author: xiaoqunwang@zju.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: shijiehu@csrc.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 106502 – Published 3 September, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5vnl-w9p4

    Abstract

    A biorthonormal-block density-matrix renormalization group algorithm is proposed to accurately compute properties of large-scale non-Hermitian many-body systems, in which a renormalized-space partition of the non-Hermitian reduced density matrix is implemented to fulfill the prerequisite for the biorthonormality of the renormalization group (RG) transformation and to optimize the construction of saved Hilbert spaces. A redundancy in saved spaces of the reduced density matrix is exploited to reduce a condition number resulting from the nonunitarity of the left and right transformation matrices, in order to ensure the numerical stability of the RG procedure. The algorithm is successfully applied to an interacting fermionic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with nonreciprocal hoppings and staggered complex chemical potential, exhibiting novel many-body phenomena.

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