Tailoring Pure Valley-Zeeman Spin-Orbit Coupling in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>WSe</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math>-Encapsulated Monolayer Graphene

Yaqing Han; Siqi Jiang; Jingkuan Xiao; Jiawei Jiang; Yulu Liu; Jiabei Huang; Yu Du; Di Zhang; Fuzhuo Lian; Wanting Xu; Siqin Wang; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Xiaoxiang Xi; Alexander S. Mayorov; Renjun Du; Kai Chang; Hongxin Yang; Lei Wang; Geliang Yu

doi:10.1103/46n3-pryp

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Tailoring Pure Valley-Zeeman Spin-Orbit Coupling in ${WSe}_{2}$ -Encapsulated Monolayer Graphene

Yaqing Han ^1,*, Siqi Jiang ^1,*, Jingkuan Xiao ^1,*, Jiawei Jiang^1,2, Yulu Liu¹, Jiabei Huang ¹, Yu Du¹, Di Zhang ¹, Fuzhuo Lian ¹ et al.

Wanting Xu¹, Siqin Wang¹, Kenji Watanabe ³, Takashi Taniguchi ⁴, Xiaoxiang Xi ¹, Alexander S. Mayorov ¹, Renjun Du^1,†, Kai Chang², Hongxin Yang², Lei Wang ^1,5,‡, and Geliang Yu^1,5,§

¹National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
²Center for Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
³Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
⁴Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
⁵Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

^*These authors contributed equally to this work.
^†Contact author: renjundu@nju.edu.cn
^‡Contact author: leiwang@nju.edu.cn
^§Contact author: yugeliang@nju.edu.cn

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 027001 – Published 8 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/46n3-pryp

Abstract

Engineering proximity effects in twisted van der Waals heterostructures offers a powerful platform for designing electronic properties. While theoretical predictions of quantum interference in transition metal dichalcogenide-encapsulated graphene can selectively control the spin-orbit coupling component, experimental realizations have remained elusive. Here, we report pure valley-Zeeman spin-orbit coupling in monolayer graphene achieved by encapsulation between two parallel twisted ${WSe}_{2}$ monolayers. We observed a symmetry-enforced reordering of Landau levels, which is driven by the competition between the fixed valley-Zeeman energy and the magnetic-field-dependent cyclotron energy. This reordering is characterized by a transition from symmetry-broken states in the quantum Hall effect to a restored fourfold degeneracy with integer or half-integer quantum Hall sequences. We also demonstrate the ability to completely quench the proximity spin-orbit coupling by tuning the encapsulated geometry.

Physical Review Letters

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Tailoring Pure Valley-Zeeman Spin-Orbit Coupling in ${WSe}_{2}$ -Encapsulated Monolayer Graphene

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Tailoring Pure Valley-Zeeman Spin-Orbit Coupling in WSe2-Encapsulated Monolayer Graphene

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Tailoring Pure Valley-Zeeman Spin-Orbit Coupling in ${WSe}_{2}$ -Encapsulated Monolayer Graphene