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    Observation of Secular Growth Dominated Dynamics in X-Ray Driven Foils

    Z. Chen1, Y. T. Yuan2, L. F. Wang1,3,*, S. Y. Tu2, W. Y. Miao2, J. F. Wu1, J. W. Li1, C. S. Yin2, B. Deng2 et al.

    J. Zhang1, K. L. Deng2, L. F. Hou2, M. X. Wei2, Y. J. Li2, Z. Yan1, Z. Lei1, Z. Y. Li1, C. Zhang1, Y. D. Pu2, Y. S. Dong2, D. Yang2, J. M. Yang2, S. Y. Zou1, P. Wang1, Y. K. Ding1,3, S. P. Zhu1, Z. Q. Zhao2, and W. Y. Zhang1,3

    • *Contact author: wang_lifeng@iapcm.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 145103 – Published 10 April, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/37kj-vjq6

    Abstract

    Understanding and controlling the seeding of hydrodynamic perturbations are crucial for achieving ignition and high gain in inertial confinement fusion (ICF). In this Letter, we present face-on radiography of planar foil with preimposed sinusoidal ripples, revealing a novel phenomenon that the perturbation inverts its phase during the acceleration of the ablation front. With radiation-hydrodynamic simulations and a simple model, we can identify a secular (nonexponential) growth dominated regime before the quasisteady acceleration of the foil is fully established. Further evaluation reveals another novel freeze-out-like phenomenon, in which the growth of the ablation front perturbation ceases for a substantial duration relative to the acceleration phase. Our results advance the understanding of the Rayleigh-Taylor seeding in ICF implosions and inspire new designs for high-gain ICF targets.

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