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    Magnetic-Flux Tuning of Second Harmonic Content in Intrinsic CsV3Sb5 Josephson Junction

    Jing-Jing Chen1,*,†, Han-Xin Lou2,*, Xing-Guo Ye1,*, Zhen-Bing Tan1,‡, An-Qi Wang2, Zhen-Tao Zhang2, Yu-Xuan Wang2, Xin Liao2, Zhen-Sheng Zhang1 et al.

    Zhi-Min Liao2,3,§ and Da-Peng Yu1,3,∥

    • 1International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518048, China
    • 2State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    • 3Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: chenjj@iqasz.cn
    • ‡Contact author: tanzhenbin@iqasz.cn
    • §Contact author: liaozm@pku.edu.cn
    • ∥Contact author: yudp@iqasz.cn

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 096301 – Published 4 March, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/34th-gqsy

    Abstract

    The current phase relation (CPR) determines the electromagnetic response of Josephson junctions in superconducting circuits. It is sensitive to the weak link materials and interface quality. In this work, we report the intrinsic Josephson effect originating from domains in the single-crystal kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5, where no artificial weak links were introduced. By tuning the magnetic flux, we observe the Josephson diode effect and clear half-integer Shapiro steps. The quantitative analysis reveals a significantly enhanced second harmonic content in the CPR, exceeding the ballistic limit of a single Andreev Josephson junction. Such a pronounced second harmonic component is attributed to the nonuniformity of the current distribution and the nonsinusoidal CPR in highly transparent intrinsic Josephson junctions. The intrinsic Josephson junction formed at the domain wall shows the potential application for superconducting quantum technologies.

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