Real-Time Out-of-Equilibrium Quantum Dynamics in Disordered Materials
Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 016903 – Published 8 January, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/28hd-pwhv
Abstract
We report a linear-scaling numerical method for exploring nonequilibrium electron dynamics in systems of arbitrary complexity. Based on the Chebyshev expansion of the time evolution of the single-particle density matrix, the method gives access to nonperturbative excitation and relaxation phenomena in models of disordered materials with sizes on the experimental scale. After validating the method by applying it to saturable optical absorption in clean graphene, we uncover that disorder can enhance absorption in graphene and that the interplay between light, anisotropy, and disorder in nanoporous graphene might be appealing for sensing applications. Beyond the optical properties of graphenelike materials, the method can be applied to a wide range of large-area materials and systems with arbitrary descriptions of defects and disorder.
