• Accepted Paper

Frequency up-conversion of infrared signals via molecular cavity optomechanical systems with gain

Shu-Xian Quan, Fen Zou, and Yong Li

Phys. Rev. A - Accepted 10 September, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/yhcx-fvdg

Abstract

Molecular cavity optomechanical systems have recently emerged as a promising platform for enhancing infrared detection sensitivity, owing to their ability to up-convert low-frequency infrared (IR) photons to visible frequency range. Generally, under red-detuned pumping in such systems, the maximum conversion efficiency of the IR signal can only approach 1. To achieve higher conversion efficiency, we propose a scheme that incorporates gain into the infrared cavity of a molecular cavity optomechanical system comprising two cavities and an ensemble of N molecules. The upconversion process, which relies on IR absorption and Raman scattering associated with specific vibrational modes, is significantly amplified by the incorporation of gain under the red-detuned conditions. Moreover, our analysis demonstrates that the added noise is maintained near 0.5.

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