Vortex electrons, characterized by a helical phase front, offer unique advantages for probing material structures. Such electrons can be generated via tunneling ionization in strong laser fields. In this paper, we investigate the rescattering dynamics of vortex photoelectrons by the parent ion. Specifically, we introduce vortex photoelectron holography, extending conventional strong-field photoelectron holography (SFPH) from plane-wave to vortex rescattering. By solving the time-dependent Schr"{o}dinger equation, we extract the vortex scattering phase from the SFPH fringes in the photoelectron momentum distribution. The result is in excellent agreement with scattering calculations, providing direct access to the vortex electron scattering phase. Our work establishes a basis for extending SFPH to molecular structure imaging with vortex photoelectrons.