• Accepted Paper

Minimal model for chirp-induced nonadiabatic coupling in Autler-Townes splitting

Bingshuang Zhang, Liguang Jiao, Chuan-Cun Shu, and Aihua Liu

Phys. Rev. A - Accepted 22 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7b5d-5qwb

Abstract

We present a minimal analytical bound-continuum model for resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization of atomic hydrogen driven by chirped pulses, serving as a paradigm for chirp-induced nonadiabatic coupling in Autler-Townes (AT) splitting. The model incorporates the 1s–2p bound transition, couplings to s- and d-wave continua, chirp-dependent detuning, dynamic Stark shifts, energy-dependent ionization matrix elements, and ionization decay. Closed-form expressions for the time-dependent amplitudes and photoelectron spectrum are derived. The model reveals two general principles: the pulse area determines the number of AT peaks via time-domain interference, while chirp induces nonadiabatic coupling between dressed states, captured by a single complex parameter α(t), which breaks spectral symmetry. Comparisons with three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation simulations validate the model across a wide chirp range. The framework provides an analytical bridge between control parameters and spectral observables, with potential extensions to other systems.

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