Dynamical distillation of topological boundary states via non-Hermitian masking
Phys. Rev. A 113, 063514 – Published 11 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zthg-9xhk
Abstract
Topological boundary states are a hallmark of topological phases, yet their direct detection remains challenging when they hybridize with bulk states or fail to form isolated in-gap modes. Here, we introduce a dynamical approach for directly distilling boundary-localized states in topological lattices via non-Hermitian masking, achieved by imposing loss on the bulk region of the lattice without targeting specific eigenmodes. Under full-field excitation, bulk modes are dynamically suppressed, while boundary-localized states survive as the longest-lived modes, enabling their direct visualization. We experimentally demonstrate this method in tailored photonic honeycomb lattices using defocused incoherent input, demonstrating the dynamical distillation of both static and Floquet-induced corner states. Notably, the proposed approach does not rely on mode-selective excitation or prior knowledge of the spatial distributions of boundary states, and enables their simultaneous visualization even in the presence of spatial extension or hybridization. Our results establish a general and experimentally accessible strategy for isolating and visualizing boundary-localized states in topological systems.