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    Experimental demonstration of a multisigner quantum digital signature system

    Wenli Ding1,*, Xi Deng1,*, Chao Li1, Yuanhua Li1,†, Jia Lin1,‡, Yuanlin Zheng2,§, and Xianfeng Chen2,∥

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: lyhua1984@shiep.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: jlin@shiep.edu.cn
    • §Contact author: ylzheng@sjtu.edu.cn
    • ∥Contact author: xfchen@sjtu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 032417 – Published 8 September, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zpv3-tr68

    Abstract

    Quantum digital signatures (QDSs) utilize shared keys generated by quantum key distribution, thereby providing information-theoretic security. Most existing QDS schemes, however, only support single-signer scenarios, which limits their applications in large-scale quantum networks. Based on previous studies of multisigner QDSs, we design and experimentally demonstrate a scalable multisigner QDS system. The results show that the designed system enables multiple signers to jointly sign the same message while supporting receiver verification and arbitrated validation. The single-photon count rate used in the experiment was approximately 2.6×104 counts/s. The measured coincidence-to-accidental ratio (CAR) was greater than 830, and the second-order correlation function g(2)(0) was less than 0.01. The two-photon interference visibility measured for the polarization-entangled state |Φ+〉=(|HH〉+|VV〉)/2 was approximately 99.01%, corresponding to a quantum bit error rate below 0.495%. This work demonstrates a reliable implementation of multisigner QDSs and may provide a practical approach to secure authentication and collaborative authorization in future large-scale quantum networks.

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