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    Anomalous Doppler effect in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

    Tomasz Zawiślak1, Sandro Stringari1, and Alessio Recati1,2

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 063311 – Published 15 December, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/yc6t-13d4

    Abstract

    We show that two-component Bose-Einstein condensed mixtures, in presence of a persistent current, exhibit a nontrivial Doppler shift of the sound velocities. The peculiarity is due to the interspecies interaction and the possibility of generating a counterflow persistent current. Analytical predictions are derived using superfluid hydrodynamics. While the existence of anomalous Doppler shifts at finite temperature has been discussed a long time ago in the case of superfluid He4, an experimental verification of the effect is still missing. For this reason, we also propose a protocol for the measurement of the Doppler shifts, based on the density-density response function. The dynamical protocol is simulated by means of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations.

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