Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation

    Classical simulation of an all-optical Toffoli gate using soliton scattering through asymmetric potential wells

    Melih Özkurt1,* and Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu1,2,†

    • 1Department of Physics, Koç University, 34450 Sarıyer, Istanbul, Türkiye
    • 2TÜBİTAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (TBAE), 41470 Gebze, Türkiye

    • *Contact author: mozkurt20@ku.edu.tr
    • †Contact author: omustecap@ku.edu.tr

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 043520 – Published 15 October, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/y6sc-bzk5

    Abstract

    We propose and numerically simulate an all-optical Toffoli (controlled-controlled-not) gate based on the scattering of spatial solitons by asymmetric Pöschl-Teller potential wells. In our scheme, the logical state of the target bit is encoded in the relative spatial ordering of two distinguishable soliton components, while the control bits are represented by the presence or absence of external potential wells. We solve the nonlinear Schrödinger equations governing the soliton dynamics and systematically scan soliton amplitude and velocity, analyzing reflection and transmission coefficients to identify the operational conditions for Toffoli gate behavior. Our results demonstrate that introducing asymmetry in the potential wells significantly broadens the operational parameter window compared to symmetric configurations. We also investigate the impacts of varying degrees of asymmetry and soliton amplitude on gate performance. Furthermore, we examine the influence of weak intercomponent coupling and confirm that it is not essential for gate operation. These findings generalize earlier soliton-based cnot simulations and support the broader feasibility of classical analog modeling of multiqubit logic gates in nonlinear optical systems.

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    Authorization Required

    We need you to provide your credentials before accessing this content.

    References (Subscription Required)

    Outline

    Information

    Sign In to Your Journals Account

    Filter

    Filter

    Article Lookup

    Enter a citation