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Generation of entanglement and nonstationary states via competing coherent and incoherent bosonic hopping

Parvinder Solanki1,*,†, Albert Cabot1, Matteo Brunelli2, Federico Carollo3, Christoph Bruder4, and Igor Lesanovsky1,5

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
  • 2JEIP, UAR 3573 CNRS, Collège de France, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75321 Paris Cedex 05, France
  • 3Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2TT, United Kingdom
  • 4Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
  • 5School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom

  • *Contact author: parvinder@mnf.uni-tuebingen.de
  • †Also at Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.

Phys. Rev. A 112, L030601 – Published 11 September, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/vnt1-m777

Abstract

Incoherent stochastic processes added to unitary dynamics are typically deemed detrimental since they are expected to diminish quantum features such as superposition and entanglement. Instead of exhibiting energy-conserving persistent coherent motion, the dynamics of such open systems feature, in most cases, a steady state, which is approached in the long-time limit from all initial conditions. This can, in fact, be advantageous as it offers a mechanism for the creation of robust quantum correlations on demand without the need for fine-tuning. Here, we show this for a system consisting of two coherently coupled bosonic modes, which is a paradigmatic scenario for the realization of quantum resources such as squeezed entangled states. Rather counterintuitively, the mere addition of incoherent hopping, which results in a statistical coupling between the bosonic modes, leads to steady states with robust quantum entanglement and enables the emergence of persistent coherent nonstationary behavior.

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