Spectral theory of energy-selective quantum search with Ising Hamiltonian phase oracles
Phys. Rev. A 114, 042463 – Published 28 October, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/tgsx-5nz4
Abstract
We develop an exact spectral-response theory for the Grover-type iterate , in which the evolution generated by a diagonal Ising Hamiltonian is used directly as a continuous phase oracle. An energy-grouped recurrence and its generating-function solution show how the empirical characteristic function determines the position, width, height, and saturation time of an energy-selective resonance. For an annealed Gaussian density of states, a high-density-tail resonance containing configurations is reached after oracle calls with success probability , giving a quadratic query improvement over independent uniform sampling with classical energy evaluation. For correlated random Ising spectra, overlap-dependent covariances lead to a realization-dependent resonance shift with root-mean-square scale , parametrically larger than the resonance width, and can also reduce the peak height. The shift is both an algorithmic detuning and a coherent probe of sample-specific spectral fluctuations whose ensemble statistics reflect the Ising overlap structure. Spectral symmetrization and iterative calibration can remove or compensate the resonance-center displacement for prescribed-energy targeting. We also clarify the relation to designed spectral filters and the precision and coherence requirements of this asymptotic primitive.