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    Sturmian basis set for the Dirac equation with finite nuclear size: Application to polarizability, Zeeman and hyperfine splitting, and vacuum polarization

    V. K. Ivanov*, D. A. Glazov, and A. V. Volotka

    • School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia

    • *Contact author: vladislav.ivanov@metalab.ifmo.ru

    Phys. Rev. A 112, 022816 – Published 21 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/tf1t-wj6w

    Abstract

    We investigate the application of the Sturmian basis set to relativistic atomic structure calculations. We propose a simple implementation of this approach and demonstrate its ability to provide various quantities for hydrogenlike ions, including binding energies, static dipole polarizability, the g factor, hyperfine splitting, and nuclear magnetic shielding. Finally, we calculate the all-order (Wichmann-Kroll) vacuum-polarization charge density, which was a challenge for the finite-basis-set approach until recently. We present a comparison of the obtained results with previously published numerical and analytical calculations. All calculations are performed with nuclei of a finite size and can, in principle, be extended to arbitrary binding potentials.

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