When an ensemble of quantum emitters interacts with a common radiation field, their emission becomes collective, giving rise to superradiant and subradiant states, characterized by broadened and narrowed linewidths. In this work, we propose to harness subradiant states for quantum metrology; such states naturally arise in subwavelength-spaced atomic arrays in free space and in ensembles of emitters coupled to one-dimensional waveguides. We demonstrate that their collective optical response yields sharp, narrow features in the transmittance spectrum, which can be used to enhance sensitivity to external perturbations. This improved sensitivity can be applied to atomic clock operation and enables precise detection of both global and spatially varying frequency shifts—such as those induced by electromagnetic fields or gravitational gradients—and phases of the propagating light field at the emitter positions.

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• Atom optics
• Atomic, optical & lattice clocks
• Cavity quantum electrodynamics
• Collective effects in atomic physics
• Collective effects in quantum optics
• Light-matter interaction
• Long-range interactions
• Open quantum systems & decoherence
• Photonics
• Quantum metrology
• Quantum optics
• Quantum sensing
• Spontaneous emission
• Superradiance & subradiance
• Atomic ensemble
• Atomic systems
• Atoms
• Trapped atoms
• Waveguides
• Dipole approximation
• Rotating wave approximation
• Schroedinger equation
• Two-level models