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    Loss-resistant bright-seeded SU(1,1) quantum interferometer based on joint detection

    Xiaochun Li1, Yinghui Lv1, Jiabin Wang1,*, Shengshuai Liu1,†, and Jietai Jing1,2,3,4,‡

    • 1State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    • 2CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
    • 3Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
    • 4Institute of Nonlinear Physics and Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China

    • *Contact author: jbwang@lps.ecnu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: ssliu@lps.ecnu.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: jtjing@phy.ecnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 113, 063712 – Published 8 June, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/r1wd-xd2v

    Abstract

    A quantum interferometer can achieve phase sensitivity beyond the classical limit by using the nonclassical properties of the quantum state. The SU(1,1) interferometer, a commonly used quantum interferometer, can be realized by replacing the linear beam splitters in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with nonlinear processes. The phase sensitivity of the SU(1,1) interferometer increases with an increase of internal photon number. Therefore, the bright-seeded SU(1,1) interferometer has an advantage of boosted sensitivity. However, the phase sensitivity of a bright-seeded SU(1,1) interferometer is usually susceptible to unavoidable optical losses in experiments, especially the internal losses, which limit its applications. Here, we propose a loss-resistant bright-seeded SU(1,1) quantum interferometer based on joint detection, in which intensity detection is implemented by subtracting part of the probe beam from the conjugate beam. We introduce a tunable parameter t in this intensity detection and obtain the optimal t as a function of internal losses. Such a scheme allows for better phase sensitivity in the presence of optical losses. Our results provide an alternate method for realizing a loss-resistant SU(1,1) interferometer and may promote the applications of the SU(1,1) interferometer in practical quantum measurements.

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