Relativistic calculations of energy levels, field shift factors, and polarizabilities of mercury and copernicium
Phys. Rev. A 113, 022813 – Published 17 February, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ntv1-8d5w
Abstract
Mercury and the superheavy element copernicium are investigated using equation-of-motion relativistic coupled-cluster (EOM-RCC) and configuration interaction plus many-body perturbation () theory methods. The key atomic properties, including ionization potentials, excitation energies, isotope field shift factors, and static electric dipole polarizabilities, are calculated for ground and low-lying excited states. The theoretical accuracy is assessed by comparing the calculated results for Hg with available experimental data, which serve as benchmarks. Furthermore, basis-set dependence in the EOM-RCC calculations and -hole excitation in the method are systematically evaluated in order to reveal the source of uncertainties for the highly excited states. These results for Hg and Cn can serve as guidance for future experimental studies.