Two-photon spin-noise spectroscopy of Cs atoms
Phys. Rev. A 112, 023110 – Published 14 August, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ngvk-b6sv
Abstract
We present a novel spectroscopic technique, two-color two-photon spin-noise spectroscopy, and demonstrate its application to atoms. This approach encompasses both the pump-probe and nonlinear two-photon schemes, as well as an interference noise arising due to Doppler shift. In the pump-probe scheme, the pump laser populates the excited states, while the probe laser monitors spin fluctuations, enabling the study of density fluctuations in these states. The pure two-photon scheme can be used to study a spin noise in the ground state, where fluctuations in the probe beam polarization are governed by the third-order susceptibility , offering additional advantages. We also theoretically analyze the structure of the susceptibility tensor to qualitatively interpret observed effects, such as a dependence on the pump-laser polarization plane and appearance of high harmonics of the Larmor frequency in the spin noise.