Symmetric localizable multipartite quantum measurements from Pauli orbits
Phys. Rev. A 113, 052432 – Published 14 May, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ltz4-vx18
Abstract
While the structure of entangled quantum states is relatively well understood, the characterization of entangled measurements, especially in multipartite and high-dimensional settings, remains far less developed. In this work we introduce a general approach to construct highly symmetric, locally encodable orthonormal measurement bases, as orbits of a single fiducial state under tensor-product actions of Pauli subgroups. This framework recovers the elegant joint measurement—a two-qubit measurement whose local marginals form a regular tetrahedron on the Bloch sphere—as a special case, and we extend the construction to both more systems and higher dimensions. We analyze the entanglement cost required to implement these measurements locally via the Clifford hierarchy and use this criterion to classify them. We show how the symmetry of our constructions allows us to characterize their localizability, which is generally a challenging problem, and to identify certain classes of measurement bases that are efficiently localizable. Our approach offers a systematic toolkit for designing entangled measurements with rich symmetry and implementability properties.
