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    Calculating resonance using parametric equations of motion in the limit of the complex absorbing potential strength parameter (η→0+)

    Deepak Kumar and Ashish Kumar Gupta*

    • *Contact author: gupta@iitg.ac.in

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 012818 – Published 21 July, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/kq8w-d3pg

    Abstract

    Since complex absorbing potentials (CAPs) are nonphysical in nature, they can introduce artificial perturbations into the system, which may lead to shifts in the calculated energy. This study presents a methodology to eliminate artificial reflections caused by the CAP using a backward parametric equation of motion with the CAP approach (PEMCAP approach), starting from a higher CAP strength parameter η to limit of η→0+. During backward PEMCAP approach, the eigenstates as a function of η do not follow the same path as the forward trajectory, i.e., starting from η=0 to higher η. Instead, the energy converges to the true numerically exact resonance energy, which includes both its position and lifetime. This technique enables us to reach the physical limit η→0+, effectively removing the perturbation caused by the CAP. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated by accurate calculations of resonance complex energies that are independent of both the CAP box-size parameters and the optimal value of η. This makes the optimization of the CAP onset parameters unnecessary. Moreover, this method also allows for the determination of resonance energies corresponding to multiple resonances in the physical limit η→0+ through a single calculation, making this approach extremely beneficial.

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