Dissipation-engineered dual-charger quantum batteries
Phys. Rev. A 114, 042209 – Published 14 October, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/jmmt-qyg6
Abstract
Suppressing coherent energy backflow while maintaining extractable energy in a stable nonequilibrium state remains a central challenge for quantum energy storage. Here, we introduce a reservoir-engineered dual-charger quantum battery architecture in which nonequilibrium dissipation is exploited as a control resource to stabilize useful stored energy. A hot-reservoir-coupled driver supplies excitations, while a cold-reservoir-coupled cache biases the resonant three-body transition toward charging and suppresses the dressed-state coherences responsible for energy backflow. This mechanism establishes a population-inverted steady state with finite ergotropy and converts reversible charger-battery exchange into persistent energy storage. For uniformly spaced multilevel batteries, we show that the stored energy and ergotropy scale approximately linearly with the number of accessible levels, while the stored-energy utilization approaches unity. The accompanying stationary heat current provides a thermodynamic signature of the charging regime. Our results demonstrate dissipation engineering as a strategy for achieving stable and scalable quantum energy storage beyond transient coherent charging protocols.
