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    Experimental study of magnetically insensitive transitions in an ultracold Fermi gas of K40

    Biao Shan1,*, Lianghui Huang1,2,*,†, Yajing Yang1, Yuhang Zhao1, Jiahui Shen1, Zhuxiong Ye1, Liangchao Chen1,2, Zengming Meng1,2, Pengjun Wang1,2 et al.

    Wei Han1,2 and Jing Zhang1,2,‡

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: huanglh06@sxu.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: jzhang74@sxu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 113, 023306 – Published 4 February, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/jk8m-snjw

    Abstract

    This paper presents an experimental study of microwave single-photon transitions that are magnetic-field-insensitive in degenerate Fermi gases of K40. This contrasts with microwave single-photon clock transitions for 0–0 magnetic-field-insensitive states and two-photon clock transitions for non-0–0 magnetic-field-insensitive states in bosonic alkali-metal atoms. We show that there are two sets of special transitions between two different hyperfine ground states (|F=9/2,mF=1/2〉⇔|7/2,−1/2〉 and |9/2,−1/2〉⇔|7/2,1/2〉), whose microwave single-photon transition frequency is insensitive to low magnetic fields, as the first-order Zeeman shift is almost completely canceled. By using the microwave spectrum and Ramsey interference fringes, we demonstrate the long-time stability of the coherent transition under magnetic field fluctuations. These magnetic-field-insensitive microwave hyperfine transitions in ultracold K40 Fermi gases offer promising applications in quantum information and precision measurements.

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