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    Orbital-spin conversion in solid high-order harmonic generation by ring configurations

    Sheng Luo1, Xiaoqi Fei1, Zixi Guo1, Yang Li2, Shiqi Liang3, Xiaosong Zhu3,*, and Jianghua Luo1,†

    • *Contact author: zhuxiaosong@hust.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: jhluo_09@foxmail.com

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 013122 – Published 24 July, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gyy9-pl4j

    Abstract

    We theoretically investigate the interaction between azimuthal vector vortex beams and a segmented ring medium, revealing orbital-to-spin conversion in strong-field high-order harmonic generation. We show that engineered gaps in the ring target break the light-matter symmetry and mediate the transfer of the driving field's orbital angular momentum (OAM) into the spin angular momentum (SAM) of on-axis harmonic photons. The far-field harmonics exhibit alternating spin states governed by a double selection rule dependent on both gap number and relative width, reminiscent of multislit diffraction. The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern further constitutes a fingerprint of the native n-fold rotational symmetry in OAM-to-SAM conversion, thereby furnishing a spectroscopic diagnostic of nonlinear coupling between structured light and patterned media.

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