Coherent states offer a promising path for near-term quantum computing due to their inherent protection against bit-flip noise. However, their large photon numbers can be challenging for numerical simulation. This paper introduces an effective model, representing coherent-state quantum annealing using spin-$1/2$ degrees of freedom. We demonstrate that this model yields accurate predictions for realistic experimental settings and can therefore serve as a practical tool for optimizing future quantum hardware.

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• Adiabatic quantum optimization
• Quantum computation
• Quantum simulation
• Superconducting qubits