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  • Letter

Effective non-Hermitian formulation of the Lindblad equation for interacting quantized fields at finite temperature

L. Hernández-Sánchez1,2,*, I. A. Bocanegra-Garay3, I. Ramos-Prieto1, F. Soto-Eguibar1, and H. M. Moya-Cessa1

  • 1Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica, Calle Luis Enrique Erro No. 1, Santa María Tonantzintla, Puebla 72840, Mexico
  • 2Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico Industrial y de Servicios No. 144: José Emilio Grajales Moguel, Boulevard Mayor Sabines No. 1982, Col. 24 de junio, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29047, Mexico
  • 3Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica and Laboratory for Disruptive Interdisciplinary Science, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain

  • *Contact author: leonardi1469@gmail.com

Phys. Rev. A 112, L021702 – Published 29 August, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gwzr-cjp6

Abstract

We analyze the Markovian dynamics of a quantum system composed of two interacting quantized fields, each coupled to a thermal reservoir with the same average number of thermal excitations n¯th, but with different decay rates γj (with j=1,2). By employing superoperator techniques and applying two nonunitary transformations, the Lindblad master equation is reformulated into a von Neumann-like form governed by an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Under these conditions, the structure of the effective Hamiltonian remains equivalent to that of the zero-temperature case, indicating that the essential features of the system dynamics are preserved even in the presence of thermal excitations. As an illustrative example of the method, photon coincidence rates are presented for an initial state composed of two indistinguishable photons.

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