- Letter
Effective non-Hermitian formulation of the Lindblad equation for interacting quantized fields at finite temperature
Phys. Rev. A 112, L021702 – Published 29 August, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gwzr-cjp6
Abstract
We analyze the Markovian dynamics of a quantum system composed of two interacting quantized fields, each coupled to a thermal reservoir with the same average number of thermal excitations , but with different decay rates (with ). By employing superoperator techniques and applying two nonunitary transformations, the Lindblad master equation is reformulated into a von Neumann-like form governed by an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Under these conditions, the structure of the effective Hamiltonian remains equivalent to that of the zero-temperature case, indicating that the essential features of the system dynamics are preserved even in the presence of thermal excitations. As an illustrative example of the method, photon coincidence rates are presented for an initial state composed of two indistinguishable photons.