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    Phase- and photon-number-dependent NOON-state localization in flat-band lattices

    Rishav Hui1, Trideb Shit1, Marco Di Liberto2,3, Diptiman Sen4, and Sebabrata Mukherjee1,*

    • *Contact author: mukherjee@iisc.ac.in

    Phys. Rev. A 113, 053527 – Published 21 May, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/grwm-1kj3

    Abstract

    Flat-band lattices supporting compact localized states provide a versatile platform for exploring unconventional transport phenomena in photonic, ultracold atomic, electronic, and other systems. Here, we investigate the transport of path-entangled multiphoton NOON states in a flat-band rhombic lattice and observe intriguing localization-delocalization features that depend on both the phase and photon number of the NOON states. To experimentally emulate photon-number correlations, we develop an intensity correlation measurement protocol using coherent laser light with tunable relative phases. We first apply this protocol to show spatial bunching and antibunching of two-photon NOON states in a one-dimensional waveguide lattice. In the rhombic lattice, we show that for an even (odd) photon number N, localization occurs at the 0(π) phase of the NOON state with a probability of 21−N, which is demonstrated up to eight photons. Our results open an exciting route toward understanding the dynamics of correlated photons in complex photonic networks.

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