Connection-topology-dependent energy transport in quantum-battery networks with reciprocal and nonreciprocal couplings
Phys. Rev. A 114, 013719 – Published 23 July, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gmcm-mlhk
Abstract
The realization of scalable quantum battery architectures requires attention not only to the amount of energy stored, but also to how energy is transported and distributed across a network. While previous studies focused on collective charging in multicell quantum batteries, topology-dependent transport laws in quantum battery networks remain less explored. Here we investigate quantum battery networks with reciprocal and engineered nonreciprocal couplings and compare cascaded and parallel architectures within a unified transport framework. In the nonreciprocal regime, the optimal coupling follows distinct topology-dependent scaling laws, for cascaded transport and for parallel charging in the large- limit. In reciprocal cascaded networks, a parity-dependent spectral response produces an odd-even transport effect that is absent in the nonreciprocal and parallel configurations. We further analyze the role of thermal and squeezed reservoirs and show that thermal noise mainly increases passive energy, whereas squeezing enhances the useful fraction of the stored energy, thereby increasing the ergotropy. These results shift the emphasis from charging enhancement to transport engineering and provide architecture-level design principles for quantum battery networks.