Statistical-noise-enhanced multiphoton interference
Phys. Rev. A 113, 063731 – Published 22 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gjr3-8mk2
Abstract
Photon statistics plays a governing role in multiphoton interference. While interference visibility in the standard two-photon case, known as Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, monotonically degrades with higher intensity correlation functions, we show that this monotonicity does not hold for three-photon interference in symmetric circuits. We reveal that, in the discrete Fourier transform circuit, engineered super-Poissonian photon-number fluctuations, realized using a modulated laser, can yield a visibility whose magnitude surpasses that of the single-photon signature. In addition, by tuning the symmetric circuit parameters, we demonstrate that the visibility hierarchy inverts relative to the benchmark of Poissonian statistics. This trade-off implies that quantum and classical advantages are mutually exclusive resources for interference, indicating a form of statistical complementarity.