Robustness enhancement of universal noncyclic geometric gates via evolution optimization
Phys. Rev. A 113, 022608 – Published 10 February, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/fn6y-byqc
Abstract
Noncyclic geometric gates are designed to circumvent the stringent constraints imposed by conventional cyclic conditions, thereby offering enhanced flexibility in the choice of evolution trajectories. Theoretically, such gates can mitigate errors stemming from deviations from cyclicity, highlighting their potential for improving the fault tolerance of quantum gates. However, current research on noncyclic geometric gates remains limited, as the flexibility in their evolution choice and their resilience against multiple error sources prevalent in realistic quantum systems have not been comprehensively validated. In this work, we systematically evaluate all possible noncyclic evolution conditions, clarify their corresponding geometric trajectories, and identify the optimal one for enhancing gate robustness. This is achieved by quantitatively assessing the resilience of the constructed noncyclic geometric gates against universal systematic errors and residual crosstalk. The optimized gates demonstrate a significant improvement in gate robustness compared to representative dynamical Rabi gates and conventional cyclic geometric gates. Moreover, we verify the physical feasibility of high-fidelity noncyclic geometric gates in superconducting quantum circuits, with particular attention to the impacts of intrinsic leakage errors and decoherence effects. Therefore, this work contributes a viable pathway toward robust gate implementation in practical fault-tolerant quantum processors.
