Analytical construction of -quantum random access codes saturating the conjectured bound
Phys. Rev. A 114, 012441 – Published 16 July, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/fcz5-2g3w
Abstract
Quantum Random Access Codes (QRACs) embody the fundamental trade-off between the compressibility of information into limited quantum resources and the accessibility of that information, serving as a cornerstone of quantum communication and computation. In particular, the -QRACs, which encode bits of classical information into qubits, provides an ideal theoretical model for verifying quantum advantage in high-dimensional spaces; however, the analytical derivation of codes saturating the conjectured bound for general has remained an open problem. In this paper, we establish an analytical construction method for -QRACs by using an explicit operator formalism. We prove that this construction strictly achieves the numerically conjectured upper bound of the average success probability, , for all . Furthermore, we present a systematic algorithm to decompose the derived positive-operator-valued measure saturating this bound into standard quantum gates. Since the resulting decoding circuit consists solely of interactions between adjacent qubits, it can be implemented with a circuit depth of even under linear connectivity constraints. Additionally, we analyze the high-dimensional limit and demonstrate that while the noncommutativity of measurements is weakened, an information-theoretic gap of from the mutual-information bound inevitably arises for symmetric encoding. This study not only provides a scalable implementation method for high-dimensional quantum information processing but also offers new insights into the mathematical structure at the quantum-classical boundary.