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    Programmable dipolar interaction geometry selecting stripe-family order in a molecular lattice quantum simulator

    Chao Zhang*

    • *Contact author: chaozhang@ahnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. A 114, 053314 – Published 10 November, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/bnrs-vstp

    Abstract

    Microwave-dressed polar molecules offer a route to lattice quantum simulators in which the angular form of long-range dipolar interactions, not only their overall strength, can be engineered. We study this setting in a hard-core Bose lattice model on a square optical lattice, with particles interacting through a sign-changing nonaxisymmetric dipolar tail V(r)∝(x2−y2)/(x2+y2)5/2 that is repulsive along one lattice axis and attractive along the other. Using worm-algorithm path-integral quantum Monte Carlo simulations, supported by a hard-core spin mapping and a Gutzwiller soft-mode diagnostic, we find two regimes controlled by t/V: At larger t/V the system remains superfluid but develops a pronounced directional stiffness anisotropy, while at smaller t/V it forms a sequence of commensurate stripe solids selected in the (q,0) axial family, corresponding to real-space stripes parallel to y. The leading-ordering wave vector remains in this axial family but reorganizes between commensurate filling plateaus, showing that the robust ordered object is a family of stripe states rather than one fixed Bragg peak. Near the closure of the stripe lobe, averaged observables can mimic a narrow supersolid signal; measurement-resolved stripe structure-factor histograms instead reveal first-order switching between superfluid and stripe-solid sectors. NaCs lattice estimates place the relevant V/t window within reach of modest effective dressed dipole moments, linking the predicted stripe-family order and its experimental diagnostics to accessible molecular quantum-simulation scales.

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