Programmable dipolar interaction geometry selecting stripe-family order in a molecular lattice quantum simulator
Phys. Rev. A 114, 053314 – Published 10 November, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/bnrs-vstp
Abstract
Microwave-dressed polar molecules offer a route to lattice quantum simulators in which the angular form of long-range dipolar interactions, not only their overall strength, can be engineered. We study this setting in a hard-core Bose lattice model on a square optical lattice, with particles interacting through a sign-changing nonaxisymmetric dipolar tail that is repulsive along one lattice axis and attractive along the other. Using worm-algorithm path-integral quantum Monte Carlo simulations, supported by a hard-core spin mapping and a Gutzwiller soft-mode diagnostic, we find two regimes controlled by : At larger the system remains superfluid but develops a pronounced directional stiffness anisotropy, while at smaller it forms a sequence of commensurate stripe solids selected in the axial family, corresponding to real-space stripes parallel to . The leading-ordering wave vector remains in this axial family but reorganizes between commensurate filling plateaus, showing that the robust ordered object is a family of stripe states rather than one fixed Bragg peak. Near the closure of the stripe lobe, averaged observables can mimic a narrow supersolid signal; measurement-resolved stripe structure-factor histograms instead reveal first-order switching between superfluid and stripe-solid sectors. NaCs lattice estimates place the relevant window within reach of modest effective dressed dipole moments, linking the predicted stripe-family order and its experimental diagnostics to accessible molecular quantum-simulation scales.