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    Direct measurement of transverse-mode entanglement in two-photon states

    H. Di Lorenzo Pires1, C. H. Monken1,2, and M. P. van Exter1

    • 1Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
    • 2Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 702, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, Brazil

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    Phys. Rev. A 80, 022307 – Published 5 August, 2009

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.80.022307

    Abstract

    We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a method to measure the Schmidt number of pure two-photon states entangled in transverse-mode structure. Our method is based on the connection between the Schmidt decomposition in quantum theory and the coherent-mode decomposition in classical coherence theory. We apply the method to two-photon states generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion and show that our results are in excellent agreement with numerical calculations based on the Schmidt decomposition.

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    Phys. Rev. A 80, 022307– Published 5 August, 2009
    • Received 6 March 2009

    © 2009 American Physical Society

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