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Quantum illumination with high-dimensional Bell states

Armanpreet Pannu1, Amr S. Helmy1, and Hesham El Gamal2

  • 1The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3G4
  • 2School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2008, Australia

Phys. Rev. A 110, L050603 – Published 25 November, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.L050603

Abstract

We propose a protocol in quantum illumination (QI) leveraging entanglement in discrete-variable states. Our investigation shows that, as M→∞, the M-mode Bell state matches the 6 dB advantage of the two-mode squeezed vacuum in high noise. It also excels in low- and mid-noise conditions, demonstrating that QI's benefits are not restricted to high background noise. Moreover, the protocol benefits from a sequential decision rule, increasing the advantage beyond 6 dB. These findings present an intriguing alternative to continuous-variable states and open different applications for QI using discrete-variable states.

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